Figure is by the op amp such as formed current / voltage basic conversion circuit.
Figure shows the by a single operational amplifier composition current / voltage conversion circuit. Because the op amp itself input bias current is not zero , and therefore a conversion error.
For example, the op amp µA741 bias current IB ˜ 80nA recognition, even if the allowable error is 1% , the minimum switching current several tens of microamps is about ; for Bi-FET input type operational amplifier , IB about dozens of Pian , the minimum conversion Current can be up to several nano-amp . For the J-FET input type operational amplifier , the bias current has a positive temperature coefficient , when the junction temperature is increased by 10 ?, the bias current to 2 times. The high current conversion, can be Figure shows the circuit , an additional output buffer amplifier VTl.
Figure shows the precision of the current voltage conversion circuit. Al to use low-noise operational amplifiers, used here TLO71; also use broadband operational amplifier , where the use of LM318. They can ensure that the input current fN accurately converted to the output voltage